{"id":5476,"date":"2022-06-09T07:01:08","date_gmt":"2022-06-09T05:01:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/?p=5476"},"modified":"2022-06-09T07:02:07","modified_gmt":"2022-06-09T05:02:07","slug":"susicka-pradla-podcenovany-zdroj-znecisteni-ovzdusi-mikroplasty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/2022\/06\/09\/susicka-pradla-podcenovany-zdroj-znecisteni-ovzdusi-mikroplasty\/","title":{"rendered":"Su\u0161i\u010dka pr\u00e1dla &#8211; podce\u0148ovan\u00fd zdroj zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed mikroplasty"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><em>\u017dijeme v\u00a0dob\u011b plastov\u00e9, plastov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly n\u00e1m bezpochyby usnad\u0148uj\u00ed \u017eivot. Jedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o dvouse\u010dnou zbra\u0148, z\u00a0plast\u016f se postupn\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00ed mikroplasty, kter\u00e9 \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edce zamo\u0159uj\u00ed celou planetu, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1s samotn\u00fdch.<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech se hodn\u011b mluv\u00ed o tzv. mikroplastech (MP)-zjednodu\u0161en\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o plastov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky o velikosti men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5 mm (velmi \u010dasto se v\u0161ak vyskytuj\u00ed v\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b \u201eproblemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch\u201c, nanometrov\u00fdch rozm\u011brech) a dle jejich p\u016fvodu je lze d\u011blit na prim\u00e1rn\u00ed a sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed. Prim\u00e1rn\u00ed MP jsou produkov\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edmou v\u00fdrobou a jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mnoh\u00fdch spot\u0159ebn\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f (kosmetika, zubn\u00ed pasty, prac\u00ed a \u010distic\u00ed prost\u0159edky atp.). Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed MP vznikaj\u00ed postupn\u011b-rozpadem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch kus\u016f plast\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad jejich mechanick\u00fdm opot\u0159eben\u00edm nebo p\u016fsoben\u00edm chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek \u010di sv\u011btla. Jedn\u00e1 se nap\u0159. o mikrovl\u00e1kna uvol\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159i pran\u00ed syntetick\u00fdch od\u011bv\u016f, \u010d\u00e1stice vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed\u00a0 ot\u011brem pneumatik nebo rozkladem plastov\u00e9ho odpadu \u010di ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch s\u00edt\u00ed (www.britannica.com).<\/p>\n<p>Pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed je, \u017ee mikroplasty se dnes nach\u00e1zej\u00ed ji\u017e prakticky v\u0161ude &#8211; od Antarktidy a\u017e po Mount Everest. Vyskytuj\u00ed se v\u00a0p\u016fd\u011b, vod\u011b i ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, staly se sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ekosyst\u00e9mu. Mikroplasty pijeme, d\u00fdch\u00e1me a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1me potravou. P\u0159esto\u017ee p\u0159ed n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo lety bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee je najdeme i v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed krvi (byly nalezeny dokonce i v\u00a0lidsk\u00e9 placent\u011b), to, jak\u00fd konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed dopad maj\u00ed na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b st\u00e1le nen\u00ed zcela jasn\u00e9. Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b mohou po\u0161kozovat bu\u0148ky, hovo\u0159\u00ed se tak\u00e9 o jejich potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed souvislosti s\u00a0neplodnost\u00ed (D&#8217;Angelo, S. et al., 2021). Ov\u0161em vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee mikroplasty nav\u00edc \u010dasto obsahuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 barviva, zpomalova\u010de ho\u0159en\u00ed \u010di stabiliz\u00e1tory, mohou b\u00fdt jejich zdravotn\u00ed dopady na \u010dlov\u011bka r\u016fznorod\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoh\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159ekvap\u00ed, \u017ee velmi v\u00fdznamn\u00fd zdroj mikroplast\u016f m\u00e1me n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed z\u00a0n\u00e1s p\u0159\u00edmo doma. Jedn\u00e1 se o su\u0161i\u010dku na pr\u00e1dlo, kter\u00e1 b\u011bhem roku jej\u00edho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee uvolnit des\u00edtky a\u017e stovky mili\u00f3n\u016f mikrovl\u00e1ken (jedn\u00e1 se nej\u010dast\u011bji o vl\u00e1kna polyesterov\u00e1, akrylov\u00e1, nylonov\u00e1 atp.), co\u017e je dokonce v\u00edce, ne\u017e uvoln\u00ed b\u011bhem pran\u00ed t\u0159eba automatick\u00e1 pra\u010dka. Mikrovl\u00e1kna se z\u00a0oble\u010den\u00ed b\u011bhem procesu pran\u00ed \u010di su\u0161en\u00ed uvol\u0148uj\u00ed mechanicky, a to hlavn\u011b p\u016fsoben\u00edm t\u0159en\u00ed a tepla. M\u016f\u017eete nam\u00edtat, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd takov\u00fd spot\u0159ebi\u010d m\u00e1 p\u0159eci filtr, jen\u017ee ty si s\u00a0mikrovl\u00e1kny vzhledem k\u00a0jejich velikosti zcela dob\u0159e poradit neum\u00ed. Takov\u00e1 su\u0161i\u010dka na pr\u00e1dlo tedy rozpt\u00fdl\u00ed do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed b\u011bhem 15 minut pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a\u017e n\u011bkolik set tis\u00edc mikrovl\u00e1ken (Tao D., et al., 2022). Pracuje se proto na v\u00fdvoji speci\u00e1ln\u00edch filtra\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, ov\u0161em do doby, ne\u017e se stanou b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pra\u010dek a su\u0161i\u010dek, uplyne nejsp\u00ed\u0161 je\u0161t\u011b p\u00e1r let. Alternativn\u00edm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm by nap\u0159. bylo vyr\u00e1b\u011bt textilie s\u00a0v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di opot\u0159eben\u00ed, my bychom mohli situaci zlep\u0161it kup\u0159\u00edkladu rozumn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zach\u00e1zen\u00edm se su\u0161i\u010dkou \u010di pra\u010dkou (nap\u0159. m\u00e9n\u011b ji napl\u0148ovat-sn\u00ed\u017e\u00ed se t\u00edm t\u0159en\u00ed), a nejide\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed by bylo su\u0161it textilie z\u00a0um\u011bl\u00fdch vl\u00e1ken zkr\u00e1tka \u201epo staru\u201c na \u0161\u0148\u016f\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>Bez plast\u016f se neobejdeme, spousta v\u011bc\u00ed by bez jejich pou\u017eit\u00ed ani nevznikla, to, co bychom ale m\u011bli, je zamyslet se nad odpadov\u00fdm hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00edm. St\u00e1le je na sv\u011bt\u011b spousta zem\u00ed (nap\u0159. z\u00a0Asie, Afriky), kter\u00e9 odpadov\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed nemaj\u00ed, a h\u00e1z\u00ed plastov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky p\u0159\u00edmo do \u0159ek a mo\u0159\u00ed. Mysleme na to, \u017ee standardn\u00ed plastov\u00fd materi\u00e1l jen tak nezmiz\u00ed, postupn\u011b se rozpad\u00e1 na mikroplasty (a ty d\u00e1le na nanoplasty).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/technology\/microplastic<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">D&#8217;Angelo, S., &amp; Meccariello, R. (2021). Microplastics: a threat for male fertility. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(5), 2392.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Tao, D., Zhang, K., Xu, S., Lin, H., Liu, Y., Kang, J., &#8230; &amp; Leung, K. M. (2022). Microfibers Released into the Air from a Household Tumble Dryer. Environmental Science &amp; Technology Letters.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u017dijeme v\u00a0dob\u011b plastov\u00e9, plastov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly n\u00e1m bezpochyby usnad\u0148uj\u00ed \u017eivot. Jedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o dvouse\u010dnou zbra\u0148, z\u00a0plast\u016f se postupn\u011b st\u00e1vaj\u00ed mikroplasty, kter\u00e9 \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edce zamo\u0159uj\u00ed celou planetu, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1s samotn\u00fdch. V\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech se hodn\u011b mluv\u00ed o tzv. mikroplastech (MP)-zjednodu\u0161en\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o plastov\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dky o velikosti men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 5 mm (velmi \u010dasto se v\u0161ak vyskytuj\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":5477,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[282],"coauthors":[271],"class_list":["post-5476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ovzdusi","tag-plasty","entry","has-media"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/washing-machine-2668472_960_720.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pa1A1I-1qk","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5476"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5479,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5476\/revisions\/5479"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5477"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5476"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=5476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}