{"id":5420,"date":"2022-04-26T14:11:16","date_gmt":"2022-04-26T12:11:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/?p=5420"},"modified":"2022-04-26T14:11:16","modified_gmt":"2022-04-26T12:11:16","slug":"vonne-svicky-jako-zdroj-znecistujicich-latek-ve-vnitrnim-prostredi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/2022\/04\/26\/vonne-svicky-jako-zdroj-znecistujicich-latek-ve-vnitrnim-prostredi\/","title":{"rendered":"Vonn\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky jako zdroj zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Vonn\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky &#8211; krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 v\u016fn\u011b se do prostoru \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch &#8211; mnohdy velmi ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch &#8211; l\u00e1tek.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0n\u00e1s m\u00e1 doma n\u011bjakou tu sv\u00ed\u010dku. V\u011bt\u0161inou po n\u00ed s\u00e1hneme, kdy\u017e si chceme zp\u0159\u00edjemnit atmosf\u00e9ru t\u0159eba s\u00a0rodinou o V\u00e1noc\u00edch nebo relaxovat po n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m dni ve van\u011b. M\u00e1lokdo se ale zamysl\u00ed nad t\u00edm, co v\u0161e se b\u011bhem ho\u0159en\u00ed vonn\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek uvol\u0148uje do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed. Kdy\u017e si ob\u010das doma zap\u00e1l\u00edme vonnou sv\u00ed\u010dku a pak \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vyv\u011btr\u00e1me, nic z\u00e1sadn\u00edho se nestane. Probl\u00e9m nast\u00e1v\u00e1, pokud v\u00a0uzav\u0159en\u00e9m prostoru zapalujeme sv\u00ed\u010dky \u010dasto, z\u00e1rove\u0148 dostate\u010dn\u011b nev\u011btr\u00e1me, a d\u011bl\u00e1me to t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem del\u0161\u00ed dobu.<\/p>\n<p>Pol\u0161t\u00ed v\u011bdci p\u0159i\u0161li ned\u00e1vno s\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b znepokojivou zpr\u00e1vou (Adamowicz, J. et al., 2019). Podle nich by toti\u017e pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vonn\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek ve vnit\u0159n\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed mohlo m\u00edt mimo jin\u00e9 souvislost s\u00a0rakovinou mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. Uv\u00e1d\u00ed se, \u017ee rakovina mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e je 6. nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rakovinou u mu\u017e\u016f a 17. nej\u010dast\u011bji se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed rakovinou u \u017een (Bray F. et al., 2018). P\u0159esto\u017ee p\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed doposud zn\u00e1ma, existuj\u00ed prokazateln\u00e9 rizikov\u00e9 faktory jako nap\u0159. kou\u0159en\u00ed tab\u00e1ku, inhalace naftov\u00fdch v\u00fdfukov\u00fdch spalin, dlouhodob\u00e1 expozice aromatick\u00fdm amin\u016fm \u00a0\u010di chronick\u00fd z\u00e1n\u011bt mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. U\u017e v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed byl pozorov\u00e1n vztah mezi expozic\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek a vznikem rakoviny mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jednalo o d\u011bln\u00edky z\u00a0tov\u00e1rny na anilinov\u00e1 barviva, u kter\u00fdch byly zji\u0161t\u011bny zm\u011bny epitelu mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e (aromatick\u00e9 uhlovod\u00edky se metabolizuj\u00ed v\u00a0t\u011ble acetyltransfer\u00e1zou \u010di glukuronidac\u00ed glukuronid\u00e1zou, v\u00fdsledn\u00e9 metabolity jsou potom rozpustn\u00e9 ve vod\u011b, jsou transportov\u00e1ny krv\u00ed a vylou\u010deny mo\u010d\u00ed. Mohou b\u011bhem sv\u00e9 cesty interagovat s\u00a0DNA bun\u011bk mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e za vzniku genotoxick\u00fdch adukt\u016f, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u00a0urogenit\u00e1ln\u00edm traktu je enzym cytochrom P450 (obecn\u011b zast\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v metabolizmu xenobiotik) m\u00e9n\u011b aktivn\u00ed, a t\u00edm se st\u00e1v\u00e1 toto prost\u0159ed\u00ed n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm k ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm zm\u011bn\u00e1m).<\/p>\n<p>Probl\u00e9m vonn\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek tkv\u00ed v\u00a0tom, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o pom\u011brn\u011b heterogenn\u00ed zdroje zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edho ovzdu\u0161\u00ed-zdrojem zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00fd vosk, knot, parfemace, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b barviva. P\u0159i ho\u0159en\u00ed se uvol\u0148uje cel\u00e9 spektrum l\u00e1tek (karcinogenn\u00edch i potenci\u00e1ln\u011b karcinogenn\u00edch) ze skupiny aldehyd\u016f \u010di polycyklick\u00fdch aromatick\u00fdch uhlovod\u00edk\u016f-nap\u0159\u00edklad formaldehyd, benzen, toluen, benzo(a)pyren, dibenzodioxiny, krom\u011b toho doch\u00e1z\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b i k\u00a0emis\u00edm CO, CO<sub>2<\/sub>, SO<sub>2<\/sub>, suspendovan\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> a PM<sub>10<\/sub>. U\u017e samotn\u00e9 vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdpar\u016f vede u n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed ke vzniku bolesti hlavy, z\u00e1vrat\u00ed \u010di respira\u010dn\u00edch obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed. Co se parfemace vonn\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek t\u00fd\u010de-krom\u011b t\u00e9 syntetick\u00e9 se v\u00a0men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed l\u00e1tky (flavonoidy, saponiny, terpenoidy..), nicm\u00e9n\u011b i v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b ho\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto l\u00e1tek m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159edstavovat riziko pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed (nap\u0159. isothiokyan\u00e1ty vyskytuj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00a0esenci\u00e1ln\u00edch olej\u00edch pap\u00e1ja a ho\u0159\u010dice vedly u potkan\u016f ke vzniku rakoviny mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e, Sugiora S. et al., 2003). Probl\u00e9mem studia \u0161kodlivosti vonn\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek obecn\u011b je i fakt, \u017ee slo\u017een\u00ed jejich v\u00fdpar\u016f se pom\u011brn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed, a to v\u00a0z\u00e1vislosti na druhu pou\u017eit\u00fdch surovin p\u0159i jejich v\u00fdrob\u011b. Kup\u0159\u00edkladu dle jedn\u00e9 italsk\u00e9 studie se nam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 hladiny karcinogenn\u00edho benzo(a)pyrenu ve v\u00fdparech z 12 testovan\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek pohybovaly v\u00a0rozmez\u00ed od 0,1 do 7,5 ng.m<sup>-3<\/sup> (Orecchio S., 2011), p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e \u00a0pro p\u0159edstavu, hodnota imisn\u00edho limitu v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice pro ro\u010dn\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011brnou koncentraci benzoa(a)pyrenu \u010din\u00ed 1 ng.m<sup>-3<\/sup> (\u010cesk\u00fd hydrometeorologick\u00fd \u00fastav).<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee v\u00fdskyt nov\u011b diagnostikovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f rakoviny mo\u010dov\u00e9ho m\u011bch\u00fd\u0159e ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b stoup\u00e1, je velice d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 identifikovat co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed po\u010det mo\u017en\u00fdch rizikov\u00fdch faktor\u016f tohoto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Kdy\u017e u\u017e chceme sv\u00ed\u010dky pou\u017e\u00edvat, m\u011bli bychom v\u017edy db\u00e1t na jejich kvalitu (omezit pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed paraf\u00ednov\u00e9ho vosku, barevn\u00fdch a parf\u00e9movan\u00fdch sv\u00ed\u010dek) a v\u017edy \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b vyv\u011btrat m\u00edstnost, kde sv\u00ed\u010dka ho\u0159ela, abychom minimalizovali vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161kodliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tek vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch se ve v\u00fdparech.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Adamowicz, J., Juszczak, K., Poletajew, S., Van Breda, S. V., Pokrywczynska, M., &amp; Drewa, T. (2019). Scented candles as an unrecognized factor that increases the risk of bladder cancer; is there enough evidence to raise a red flag?. Cancer Prevention Research, 12(10), 645-652.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Bray\u2008F, Ferlay\u2008J, Soerjomataram\u2008I, Siegel\u2008RL, Torre\u2008LA, Jemal\u2008A.\u2008Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin\u20082018;68:394\u2013424.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Sugiura, S., Ogawa, K., Hirose, M., Takeshita, F., Asamoto, M., &amp; Shirai, T. (2003). Reversibility of proliferative lesions and induction of non-papillary tumors in rat urinary bladder treated with phenylethyl isothiocyanate. Carcinogenesis, 24(3), 547-553.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">Orecchio, S. (2011). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in indoor emission from decorative candles. Atmospheric Environment, 45(10), 1888-1895.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vonn\u00e9 sv\u00ed\u010dky &#8211; krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 v\u016fn\u011b se do prostoru \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed i \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch &#8211; mnohdy velmi ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edch &#8211; l\u00e1tek. Ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0n\u00e1s m\u00e1 doma n\u011bjakou tu sv\u00ed\u010dku. V\u011bt\u0161inou po n\u00ed s\u00e1hneme, kdy\u017e si chceme zp\u0159\u00edjemnit atmosf\u00e9ru t\u0159eba s\u00a0rodinou o V\u00e1noc\u00edch nebo relaxovat po n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m dni ve van\u011b. M\u00e1lokdo se ale zamysl\u00ed nad t\u00edm, co v\u0161e se [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":5421,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"coauthors":[271],"class_list":["post-5420","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ovzdusi","entry","has-media"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/candles-g8ad8df9cd_1920.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pa1A1I-1pq","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5420","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5420"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5420\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5422,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5420\/revisions\/5422"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5420"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5420"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5420"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=5420"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}