{"id":4100,"date":"2020-12-29T11:42:53","date_gmt":"2020-12-29T10:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/?p=4100"},"modified":"2020-12-29T11:44:49","modified_gmt":"2020-12-29T10:44:49","slug":"bude-letos-behem-oslav-noveho-roku-cistsi-ovzdusi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/2020\/12\/29\/bude-letos-behem-oslav-noveho-roku-cistsi-ovzdusi\/","title":{"rendered":"Bude letos b\u011bhem oslav nov\u00e9ho roku \u010dist\u0161\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>Leto\u0161n\u00ed silvestrovsk\u00e9 oslavy budou jin\u00e9, alespo\u0148 tedy podle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ek a situace v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Budou opravdu letos oslavy omezen\u00e9?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Vlivu odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed pyrotechniky na kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed se v Brn\u011b na \u010cHM\u00da v\u011bnujeme dlouhodob\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde na blogu, jste si v minulosti mohli p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u0159adu \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o vlivu jak profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem festivalu Ignis Brunensis, tak vlivu b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 drobn\u00e9 pyrotechniky odpalovan\u00e9 jednotlivci b\u011bhem novoro\u010dn\u00edch oslav (odkazy na konci tohoto \u010dl\u00e1nku). Podrobn\u011b pak byl vliv odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed pyrotechniky na kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed pops\u00e1n i v <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chmi.cz\/files\/portal\/docs\/reditel\/SIS\/casmz\/assets\/2020\/CHMU_MZ_2-20.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u010dl\u00e1nku<\/a> v odborn\u00e9m periodiku Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy v leto\u0161n\u00edm druh\u00e9m \u010d\u00edsle (<em>Brzezina et al., 2020<\/em>).<\/p>\n<h2>Pro\u010d se kvalita ovzdu\u0161\u00ed v jednotliv\u00e9 roky po novoro\u010dn\u00ed p\u016flnoci li\u0161\u00ed?<\/h2>\n<p>Prim\u00e1rn\u011b je to d\u00e1no t\u0159emi faktory:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>samotn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed odpalovan\u00e9 pyrotechniky<\/strong> &#8211; tento faktor jednozna\u010dn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje mno\u017estv\u00ed emis\u00ed, tedy mno\u017estv\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek, kter\u00e9 se do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. M\u016f\u017ee se meziro\u010dn\u011b li\u0161it a jeho odhad je extr\u00e9mn\u011b komplikovan\u00fd. Z vlastn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed ale m\u016f\u017ee reflektovat nap\u0159\u00edklad ekonomickou situaci v zemi. V hor\u0161\u00edch \u010dasech si lid\u00e9 v\u00edce rozm\u00fd\u0161l\u00ed utr\u00e1cet za zbytn\u00e9 v\u011bci slou\u017e\u00edc\u00ed \u010dist\u011b pro z\u00e1bavu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>rozptylov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky<\/strong> &#8211; na imise, tedy to, co skute\u010dn\u011b na stanic\u00edch nam\u011b\u0159\u00edme, m\u00e1 vliv cel\u00e1 \u0159ada faktor\u016f, nikoliv pouze mno\u017estv\u00ed emis\u00ed. T\u00edm hlavn\u00edm jsou rozptylov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. Ty ud\u00e1vaj\u00ed mj. to, jak dob\u0159e se budou emise po vylou\u010den\u00ed do ovzdu\u0161\u00ed rozptylovat do okol\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdch rozptylov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek (n\u00edzk\u00e1 rychlost v\u011btru, p\u0159\u00edzemn\u00ed teplotn\u00ed inverze apod.) se zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed l\u00e1tky dlouho dr\u017e\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e m\u00edsta vzniku ve vysok\u00fdch koncentrac\u00edch. Naopak b\u011bhem dobr\u00fdch rozptylov\u00fdch podm\u00ednek se rychle \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed do okol\u00ed, a to jak v horizont\u00e1ln\u00edm, tak vertik\u00e1ln\u00edm sm\u011bru.<\/li>\n<li><strong>v\u00fdchoz\u00ed stav<\/strong> &#8211; posledn\u00edm faktorem je situace p\u0159ed samotnou p\u016flnoc\u00ed. Pokud jsou toti\u017e v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 rozptylov\u00e9 podm\u00ednky nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 po cel\u00fd den 31. 12. a koncentrace zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek jsou tak vysok\u00e9 u\u017e ve v\u00fdchoz\u00edch hodnot\u00e1ch, je logick\u00e9, \u017ee jsou n\u00e1sledn\u011b b\u011bhem oslav nov\u00e9ho roku koncentrace vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v letech, kdy byla kvalita ovzdu\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e byla ovlivn\u011bna pyrotechnick\u00fdmi odpaly, dobr\u00e1. Velmi v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vliv zde m\u00e1 teplota vzduchu. Pr\u00e1v\u011b vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed je v sou\u010dasnosti nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zdrojem zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice jako celku. Teploty vzduchu se meziro\u010dn\u011b mohou velmi li\u0161it a s t\u00edm se tedy li\u0161\u00ed i mno\u017estv\u00ed emis\u00ed z vyt\u00e1p\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Bude leto\u0161n\u00ed rok jin\u00fd?<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9 podstatn\u00e9 faktory se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed obecn\u011b v\u0161ech let. Leto\u0161n\u00ed rok je v\u0161ak odli\u0161n\u00fd a do hry vstupuj\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed faktory.<\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1kaz odpalu ve velk\u00fdch m\u011bstech<\/h3>\n<p>Prvn\u00edm faktorem je fakt, \u017ee je letos odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed pyrotechniky v n\u011bkter\u00fdch lokalit\u00e1ch zak\u00e1z\u00e1no vyhl\u00e1\u0161kou.<\/p>\n<p>To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad hlavn\u00edho <strong>m\u011bsta Prahy<\/strong>, kde od po\u010d\u00e1tku prosince <a href=\"https:\/\/www.praha.eu\/jnp\/cz\/o_meste\/magistrat\/tiskovy_servis\/tiskove_zpravy\/od_prosince_plati_nova_vyhlaska_k.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">plat\u00ed nov\u00e1 vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka o z\u00e1kazu pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pyrotechnick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f<\/a> a to na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b m\u00edst v centru m\u011bsta. C\u00edlem vyhl\u00e1\u0161ky je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm sn\u00ed\u017eit rizika spojen\u00e1 s odpalov\u00e1n\u00edm rachejtl\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed voln\u011b prodejn\u00e9 pyrotechniky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sn\u00ed\u017eit v\u00fddaje spojen\u00e9 s likvidac\u00ed odpadu z odp\u00e1len\u00e9 pyrotechniky.<\/p>\n<p>Obdobn\u00e1 situace panuje i v druh\u00e9m nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b republiky, v <strong>Brn\u011b<\/strong>. Brn\u011bn\u0161t\u00ed zastupitel\u00e9 schv\u00e1lili za\u010d\u00e1tkem prosince 2020 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.brno.cz\/brno-aktualne\/co-se-deje-v-brne\/a\/nova-vyhlaska-zakazuje-pouzivani-zabavni-pyrotechniky-v-brne-existuji-vsak-vyjimky\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">z\u00e1kaz pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed pyrotechniky na cel\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed m\u011bsta Brna<\/a>. Z\u00e1kaz je p\u0159\u00edsn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v tom smyslu, \u017ee se t\u00fdk\u00e1 cel\u00e9ho m\u011bsta, na stran\u011b druh\u00e9 obsahuje jednu d\u016fle\u017eitou v\u00fdjimku, a to v\u00fdjimku na 31. prosince a 1. ledna, kdy je odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed povoleno. Vyhl\u00e1\u0161ka nab\u00fdv\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnosti 26. prosince 2020.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Bude zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 sledovat, zda se bude situace n\u011bjak dramaticky li\u0161it v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b a v Brn\u011b, kde plat\u00ed letos odli\u0161n\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro mo\u017enosti odpalu pyrotechniky.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Z\u00e1kaz vych\u00e1zen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>V souvislosti s aktu\u00e1ln\u00edmi vl\u00e1dn\u00edmi na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edmi plat\u00ed i 31. 12. 2020 <strong>z\u00e1kaz vych\u00e1zen\u00ed po 21. hodin\u011b<\/strong> kv\u016fli zhor\u0161en\u00e9 epidemiologick\u00e9 situaci. To samoz\u0159ejm\u011b m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit m\u00edru venkovn\u00edch oslav.<\/p>\n<h3>Frustrace z omezen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Teoreticky v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed situace m\u00edt zcela opa\u010dn\u00fd vliv. Omezen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se n\u00e1s v tomto roce v\u0161ech velmi v\u00fdrazn\u011b dotkla, z\u00e1kaz \u0159ady \u010dinnost\u00ed atd. <strong>m\u016f\u017ee v lidech vzbuzovat pocit vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed a frustrace,<\/strong> a je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee u n\u011bkter\u00fdch to povede k z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00e9mu oslavov\u00e1n\u00ed &#8222;na plno&#8220; a to na \u00fakor v\u0161ech z\u00e1kaz\u016f a opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Hodnocen\u00ed bude slo\u017eit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>Jak jsme si popsali v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm textu, <strong>na kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed m\u00e1 vliv \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f, a tak nikdy nen\u00ed snadn\u00e9 hodnotit vliv konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed aktivity<\/strong>, v tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b odpalu z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniky. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je z p\u0159edchoz\u00edho textu patrn\u00e9, \u017ee <strong>leto\u0161n\u00ed rok bude hodnocen\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a bude na n\u011bj m\u00edt vliv i \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch sp\u00ed\u0161e soci\u00e1ln\u00edch a behavior\u00e1ln\u00edch faktor\u016f.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Situaci budeme bedliv\u011b sledovat a v prvn\u00edch dnech nov\u00e9ho roku V\u00e1m pak p\u0159ineseme p\u0159edb\u011b\u017en\u00e9 hodnocen\u00ed a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed na p\u0159elomu let 2020\/2021 a let p\u0159edchoz\u00edch.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>V\u00edce informac\u00ed<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/chmibrno.org\/blog\/2020\/01\/02\/kvalita-ovzdusi-o-silvestrovske-noci-brno-praha-ceska-republika-a-srovnani-s-velkym-ohnostrojem\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kvalita ovzdu\u0161\u00ed o silvestrovsk\u00e9 noci \u2013 Brno, Praha, \u010cesk\u00e1 republika a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s velk\u00fdm oh\u0148ostrojem<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/chmibrno.org\/blog\/2019\/09\/02\/kvalita-ovzdusi-behem-ohnostrojove-prehlidky-ignis-brunensis-2019-i-dil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kvalita ovzdu\u0161\u00ed b\u011bhem oh\u0148ostrojov\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky Ignis Brunensis 2019<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/chmibrno.org\/blog\/2019\/01\/08\/velky-profesionalni-ohnostroj-a-pyrotechnika-odpalovana-jedinci-z-hlediska-kvality-ovzdusi-srovnani\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Velk\u00fd profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed oh\u0148ostroj a pyrotechnika odpalovan\u00e1 jedinci z hlediska kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed \u2013 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/chmibrno.org\/blog\/2018\/09\/20\/mereni-behem-brnenske-prehlidky-ohnostroju-ignis-brunensis-2018-1-dil\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed kvality ovzdu\u0161\u00ed b\u011bhem brn\u011bnsk\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddky oh\u0148ostroj\u016f Ignis Brunensis 2018<\/a><\/li>\n<li><em>Brzezina, J., Anto\u0161ov\u00e1, \u0160. a Jurne\u010dkov\u00e1, P., Vliv odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1bavn\u00ed pyrotechniky na koncentrace suspendovan\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1stic PM. Meteorologick\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy, str.33. Dostupn\u00e9 na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.chmi.cz\/files\/portal\/docs\/reditel\/SIS\/casmz\/assets\/2020\/CHMU_MZ_2-20.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">https:\/\/www.chmi.cz\/files\/portal\/docs\/reditel\/SIS\/casmz\/assets\/2020\/CHMU_MZ_2-20.pdf<\/a>.\u00a0<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leto\u0161n\u00ed silvestrovsk\u00e9 oslavy budou jin\u00e9, alespo\u0148 tedy podle vyhl\u00e1\u0161ek a situace v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Budou opravdu letos oslavy omezen\u00e9? Vlivu odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed pyrotechniky na kvalitu ovzdu\u0161\u00ed se v Brn\u011b na \u010cHM\u00da v\u011bnujeme dlouhodob\u011b. Pr\u00e1v\u011b zde na blogu, jste si v minulosti mohli p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u0159adu \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f o vlivu jak profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch oh\u0148ostroj\u016f nap\u0159\u00edklad b\u011bhem festivalu Ignis Brunensis, tak [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4102,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"coauthors":[19],"class_list":["post-4100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ovzdusi","entry","has-media"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/fireworks-574739_1920.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pa1A1I-148","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4100"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4106,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4100\/revisions\/4106"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4102"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4100"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4100"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4100"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=4100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}