{"id":3864,"date":"2020-08-04T16:07:55","date_gmt":"2020-08-04T14:07:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/?p=3864"},"modified":"2020-08-06T09:26:09","modified_gmt":"2020-08-06T07:26:09","slug":"cervnove-povodne-v-borovnici","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/2020\/08\/04\/cervnove-povodne-v-borovnici\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cervnov\u00e9 povodn\u011b v Borovnici"},"content":{"rendered":"

Obdob\u00ed velmi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho sucha bylo v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b \u010dervna vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1no lok\u00e1ln\u00edmi povodn\u011bmi z p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f. I to je podoba sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho prom\u011bnliv\u00e9ho klimatu, kdy se vyskytuj\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9 extr\u00e9my nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b v\u011btrn\u00fdch bou\u0159\u00ed, v\u00fdskytu krup a teplotn\u00edch v\u00fdkyv\u016f od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2020).<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n

Zat\u00edmco sucho vy\u017eaduje del\u0161\u00ed \u010das, aby se v krajin\u011b projevilo: v podzemn\u00edch vod\u00e1ch to mohou b\u00fdt i roky, ve vodn\u00edch toc\u00edch \u0159\u00e1dov\u011b t\u00fddny \u010di m\u011bs\u00edce, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b prob\u011bhl\u00fdch povodn\u00ed se projevy i s d\u016fsledky objevuj\u00ed ji\u017e po des\u00edtk\u00e1ch minut. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch oblastech spadly sr\u00e1\u017eky v des\u00edtk\u00e1ch milimetr\u016f a jinde naopak napr\u0161ely pouze jednotky mm. Bou\u0159ky rychle vznikaly a zanikaly a i kdy\u017e dnes \u017eijeme pon\u011bkud rychle, na jejich sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nebyl n\u011bkdy ani meteorologick\u00fd radar „dostate\u010dn\u011b rychl\u00fd“. Progn\u00f3zy hydrolog\u016f a meteorolog\u016f na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed lokality, kter\u00e9 postihnou p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00e9 de\u0161t\u011b a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 lok\u00e1ln\u00ed povodn\u011b, ale i vlastn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016ftok\u016f jsou p\u0159i tomto typu povodn\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1. Vzhledem k jejich rychl\u00e9mu pr\u016fb\u011bhu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt problematick\u00e9 zachycen\u00ed povod\u0148ov\u00fdch pr\u016ftok\u016f, ne\u017e voda zase odte\u010de. A tak vybaveni \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00fdmi modern\u00edmi m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edstroji se hydrologov\u00e9 pou\u0161t\u00ed do sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e1 m\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bkdy i p\u0159\u00edchu\u0165 dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jeden z v\u00fdjezd\u016f vedl na horn\u00ed Svratku ke stanici Borovnice, pobl\u00ed\u017e kter\u00e9 se ve\u010der 13. 6. 2020 vyskytly intenzivn\u00ed de\u0161t\u011b a bou\u0159ka. Za hodinu a p\u016fl vystoupala hladina ve Svratce zhruba o 1,5 metru a byla p\u0159ekro\u010dena hodnota pro 3. SPA (stupe\u0148 povod\u0148ov\u00e9 aktivity), viz Tab. 1.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr. 1 Pr\u016fb\u011bh vodn\u00edch stav\u016f ve stanici Borovnice 3. 6. – 8. 7. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tab. 1 Hydrologick\u00e9 \u00fadaje pro stanici Borovnice v obdob\u00ed 3. 6. – 8. 7. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nikdo nem\u016f\u017ee popsat situaci toho ve\u010dera l\u00e9pe ne\u017e o\u010dit\u00fd sv\u011bdek. Podle B. Ludv\u00edka bou\u0159ka nebyla zdaleka v Borovnici nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u201c K t\u00e9 sobotn\u00ed bou\u0159ce „nad Borovnic\u00ed“ (v \u00favozovk\u00e1ch, nebo\u0165 tam zdaleka nebyla nejsiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, tam se jen Svratka m\u011b\u0159\u00ed). Ta bou\u0159ka se „vytvo\u0159ila“ b\u011bhem cca 10-20 minut (kolem 17:00) a neust\u00e1le se „obnovovala“ asi 1,5 hodiny de facto na jednom m\u00edst\u011b od Javorku p\u0159es Sp\u011blkov, Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, Telec\u00ed, Mad\u011bru po Pustou Rybnou a kraj B\u0159ezin. J\u00e1 tam nam\u011b\u0159il 64 mm a to jsem nebyl p\u0159\u00edmo v „centru, sp\u00ed\u0161 na okraji. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 bylo, \u017ee p\u0159es kopec (na jednu stranu p\u0159es Buch\u0165\u00e1k, Vysok\u00fd kopec, na druhou stranu p\u0159es Luck\u00fd vrch) se j\u00ed „v\u016fbec necht\u011blo“ a bylo tam v t\u00e9 dob\u011b de facto beze sr\u00e1\u017eek (viz stanice Kadov, Nedv\u011bz\u00ed, Svratouch) mezi 17-19:00, kde je v t\u00e9 dob\u011b 0 mm. A jen pro zaj\u00edmavost, tato bou\u0159ka byla nad \u00fazem\u00edm, kde je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ve \u017d\u010f\u00e1rsk\u00fdch vr\u0161\u00edch (od 550 mnm po 813 mnm).\u201c \u00a0(zdroj:https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/chmi.cz\/posts\/5045102095513673<\/a> ).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Tomu odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed i \u00fadaje ze sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fdch stanic \u010cHM\u00da Kadov, Nedv\u011bz\u00ed, Svratouch, kde mezi 17:00 \u2013 19:00 byly sr\u00e1\u017ekov\u00e9 \u00fahrny v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr. 2 Borovnice 13. 6. 2020 (zdroj: https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/chmi.cz\/posts\/5040925719264644)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nejv\u00edce posti\u017eenou obc\u00ed byla toho ve\u010dera pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b Pust\u00e1 Rybn\u00e1, kde bylo zatopeno n\u011bkolik dom\u016f, sklep\u016f i gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. Pust\u00e1 Rybn\u00e1 le\u017e\u00ed pouze 2\u20133 km na SZ od vodom\u011brn\u00e9 stanice Borovnice. Starostka obce uvedla:<\/p>\n

\n

„Za necel\u00e9 2 hodiny napr\u0161elo p\u0159es 100 mm sr\u00e1\u017eek. D\u011bkuji v\u0161em, kte\u0159\u00ed pom\u00e1hali zachr\u00e1nit, co se dalo, i kdy\u017e v n\u011bkter\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b u\u017e se nedalo… D\u011bkuji ob\u010dan\u016fm, m\u00edstn\u00edm hasi\u010d\u016fm a p\u0159ivolan\u00fdm hasi\u010dsk\u00fdm sbor\u016fm. Mnoho pr\u00e1ce n\u00e1s v\u0161ak teprve \u010dek\u00e1…“<\/em>\u00a0 (zdroj:https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/obecpustarybna\/posts\/885755141922266<\/a>)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

https:\/\/svitavsky.denik.cz\/zpravy_region\/aktualne-v-puste-rybne-je-vytopeno-nekolik-domu-20200613.html<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr. 3 Kr\u00e1sn\u00e9 13. 6. 2020 (zdroj: https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/chmi.cz\/posts\/5040925719264644 )<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sr\u00e1\u017eky byly toho dne velmi lok\u00e1ln\u00ed, jak m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt na nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch datech. Webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nky obce B\u0159eziny (5\u20136 km na SZ od vodom\u011br. stanice Borovnice) uv\u00e1d\u00ed za 13. 6. celkem 20 mm. Z okoln\u00edch stanic \u010cHM\u00da bylo zaznamen\u00e1no nejv\u00edce v Poli\u010dce (27 mm), Lubn\u00e9 (24 mm) a Skut\u010di (14 mm), zat\u00edmco v Nedv\u011bz\u00ed nam\u011b\u0159ili pouze 10 mm, v Kadov\u011b 9 mm a Svratouchu 6 mm. Podle kombinovan\u00e9ho radarovo-sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00e9ho odhadu ale spadlo v centru bou\u0159ky a\u017e 90 mm sr\u00e1\u017eek za 3 hodiny (viz Obr. 5). Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed: takov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed sr\u00e1\u017eek v t\u00e9to oblasti b\u011b\u017en\u011b spadne za cel\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc \u010derven. Zasa\u017een\u00e1 oblast v\u0161ak byla pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e1, proto tak\u00e9 tuto hodnotu \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd ze sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011br\u016f \u010cHM\u00da nezachytil a m\u00e1me \u00fadaje pouze\u00a0 z radarovo-sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00e9ho odhadu. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 i hydrogram z Borovnice (viz Obr. 4), kdy 13. 6. do\u0161lo k velmi prudk\u00e9mu vzestupu pr\u016ftoku, vlna m\u011bla ostr\u00fd vrchol a rychl\u00fd sestup, pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vzestupy hladiny odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed ji\u017e m\u00edrn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm de\u0161\u0165\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr. 4 Hydrogram pro stanici Borovnice 3. 6. – 8. 7. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr.\u00a0 5 Radarovo-sr\u00e1\u017ekom\u011brn\u00fd odhad sr\u00e1\u017eek za 6 hodin, oblast stanice Borovnice a\u017e 90 mm (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Cel\u00fd \u010derven byl velmi de\u0161tiv\u00fd, a tak po 2 t\u00fddnech byl ve stanici Borovnice dosa\u017een op\u011bt 3. SPA. Tentokr\u00e1t v\u0161ak byly sr\u00e1\u017eky plo\u0161n\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a trvalej\u0161\u00edho charakteru. Tomu odpov\u00edd\u00e1 i m\u00e9n\u011b strm\u00fd tvar povod\u0148ov\u00e9 vlny (viz Obr. 4). A k vzestupu hladin do\u0161lo tak\u00e9 na dal\u0161\u00edch toc\u00edch v okol\u00ed. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed ani tentokr\u00e1t nedo\u0161lo k v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm plo\u0161n\u00fdm \u0161kod\u00e1m a nejednalo se o \u017e\u00e1dnou extr\u00e9mn\u00ed povode\u0148. V obou popsan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech byl 3. SPA p\u0159ekro\u010den pouze t\u011bsn\u011b a na kr\u00e1tkou dobu (viz Tab. 1) a hodnota pr\u016ftoku nep\u0159ekro\u010dila p\u011btiletou vodu.<\/p>\n

Jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, cel\u00fd \u010derven byl na sr\u00e1\u017eky velmi bohat\u00fd a do\u0161lo k cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b povod\u0148ov\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku je jen stru\u010dn\u011b uk\u00e1z\u00e1no, jak\u00e1 byla situace v povod\u00ed horn\u00ed Svratky, komplexn\u00ed vyhodnocen\u00ed v\u0161ech popovod\u0148ov\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed po cel\u00e9 \u010cesk\u00e9 republice za toto obdob\u00ed bude obsa\u017eeno v povod\u0148ov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1v\u011b, kterou \u010cHM\u00da zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1v\u011brem bych cht\u011bl pod\u011bkovat kolegovi Ji\u0159\u00edmu Sklen\u00e1\u0159ovi za spoluautorstv\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr.\u00a0 6 Rozliv Svratky u stanice Borovnice 29. 6. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Obr.\u00a0 6 Rozliv Svratky u stanice Borovnice 29. 6. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Obr.\u00a0 6 Rozliv Svratky u stanice Borovnice 29. 6. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Obr.\u00a0 6 Rozliv Svratky u stanice Borovnice 29. 6. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
Obr.\u00a0 10 Hydrometrick\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pr\u016ftok\u016f Svratky ke stanici Borovnice 30. 6. 2020 (\u010cHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Obdob\u00ed velmi v\u00fdrazn\u00e9ho sucha bylo v prvn\u00ed polovin\u011b \u010dervna vyst\u0159\u00edd\u00e1no lok\u00e1ln\u00edmi povodn\u011bmi z p\u0159\u00edvalov\u00fdch de\u0161\u0165\u016f. I to je podoba sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho prom\u011bnliv\u00e9ho klimatu, kdy se vyskytuj\u00ed hydrometeorologick\u00e9 extr\u00e9my nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f (v\u010detn\u011b v\u011btrn\u00fdch bou\u0159\u00ed, v\u00fdskytu krup a teplotn\u00edch v\u00fdkyv\u016f od za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2020). Zat\u00edmco sucho vy\u017eaduje del\u0161\u00ed \u010das, aby se v krajin\u011b projevilo: v podzemn\u00edch vod\u00e1ch to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":3872,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[4],"tags":[141,190],"coauthors":[20],"class_list":["post-3864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-voda","tag-hydrologie","tag-povodne","entry","has-media"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/obr7-scaled.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pa1A1I-10k","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3864","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3864"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3864\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3889,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3864\/revisions\/3889"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3872"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3864"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.enviblog.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=3864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}